Apparatus for grinding cylindrical surfaces.



' J. L. BOGERT. APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OYLINDRIGAL SURFACES. APPL IOATION FILED JUNE 26, 1907.

921,353. I Patented May11,1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. L. BOGERT. APPARATUS FOR GRINDING CYLINDRIGAL SURFACES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1907.

921,353, Patented May 11, 1909.

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J. L. BOGERT. APPARATUS FOR GRINDING GYLINDRIGAL SURFACES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1907.

921,353, Patented May 11, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wi/tmeooaa ,5 mm wtoz J. L. BOGERT. APPARATUS FOR GRINDING GYLIIETDRIGAL SURFACES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1907.

Patented May 11, 1909.

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Wm; n ce-z 9676.

T Q 63 MAM/1.0

UNITED STATES UFFMJ.

- JOHN L. BOGERT, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR GRINDING- GYLINDRICAL SURFACES.

To all whom it mag concern."

Be it known that 1, JOHN L. BOGERT, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Flushing, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Grinding Cylindrical Surfaces, of which the following is a specification.

Heretofore, so far as I am aware, cylindrical surfaces have been ground in one of two ways; either by passing a revolving wheel carrying the abrasive material over the surface to be ground, or by employing a pad, clamp or plug, between whose concave or convex surface and the cylindrical surface to be ground the abrasive material is introduced while'a combined relative. axial and rotational movement is set up.

My invention relates to the latter class of processes, and primarily consists. in the employment of mechanical means to accomplish the relative axial and rotational movement above referred to, since heretofore in the art of clamp grinding, the movement of the clamp over the external cylindrical surface to be ground has been accomplished by manuallabor, the hands of the operator being required to reciprocate the clamp axially while the machine alone supplied aretation of the work. Furthermore, because the axial reci rocation of the clamp has been by hand, it lias been practically impossible to prevent uneven wear, owing to the inability of the operative to press with an equal force on the handles projecting from opposite sides of the clamp. For the same reason, it has been impractical to use a clamp whose axial length is short in proportion to its diameter. To obtain a very smooth surface, it is necessary to use a very fine abrasive material, the finer the abrasive material the smoother the surface possible, hence the customary manual process of clamp-grinding is necessarily slow, and as new practiced, where the hands of the operator are constantly needed to reciprocate the clamp axially over the retating work, is extremely costly.

By my improvements, it is possible for one operator to grind many cylindrical surfaces at one and the same time, thereby reducing the cost to a relatively low point. For example, all the main bearings of a crank-shaft maybe clamp ground at the same setting of the machine, and where the crank-shaft is a Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 26,4907.

Patented May 1 l, 1909.

Serial No. 380,870.

rnulti-throw crank-shaft all crank-pins'that are in axial alinement may be clamp-ground also at the same setting.

Heretofore all clamps for clamp grinding, as known to me, have been bound together by screws without the possibility of varying the pressure of contact between the surface of the piece to be ground and the corresponding surface of the clamp during operation. My improvements contemplate the possibility of varying this pressure at any time,

and durin operation, so that the best results may %6 obtained.

Briefly, then, my invention consists first, in substituting mechanism for the hands of the operative, to reciprocate the clamp, pad or plug; second, in supplying means for moving the clamp, pad or plug axially without transverse constraint; third, in supplying means for varying the pressure of the grinder on the surface tobe ground; fourth in supplying means for the rapid introduction or removal of either the work to be ground, or the separate clamp-grinders and in supplying means for rapidly bringing eccentric bearings, such as crank-pins, into the proper position for grindin My invention a so comprises the novel details of improvement that will be more fully hereinafter set forth and then pointed out in the claims. I

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of a grinding machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an and elevation, showing the main driving head-stock. same end, Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the foot-block, Fig. 5 is a cross section through the bed of the machine, on the line 5, 5, in Fig. 1, and shows a side view of one of my improved clampgrinders, Figs. 6 and 7 are Fig. 3 is aplan view of the plan views of the two members of same, Fig.

8 is a side view of Fig. 6, Fig. 9 is a detail section of dog 5 Fig. 10 is a detail of bolt 6',

Fig. 11 is a side view illustrating a modifica- 2- indicates the head stock fitted to the ways 1, and secured to bed .1 by suitable bolts 2*." The main driving pulley 2 is secured tothe main driving spindle 2, which 7 5 revolves in suitable bearings at each end of 7 head-stock 2 as shown,- and carries, by'means of a suitable-flange 2 a chuck 2 for rotating the work.

At the-outer end of main spindle- 2 is a spiral gear 2 which engages acorposition shown in Figs. 2 and 3, spiral gear 2 may rotatewithout causing cross-shaft '2 to revolve. I have shown a crown clutch 2 which can be movedlengthwise on a key or of spiral gear 2 By means of a sultable fork attachedto handle 2 it is possible to moment. 4

I do not limit myself to any particular form of clutch or gearing, but contemplate the use of any suitable device capable of pershaft 2 without disturbing the rotation of main driving spindle 2.

' shown crank-disks 2 across whose faces in exact angular parallelism are formed suitable slots 2 to which the two crank-pins 2 are fitted, and along which these crank-pins may be adjusted by means of the two adjusting screws 2. As soon. as the crankpins 2 have been adjusted. eccentrically to give the exact amount of movement desired,

they are secured in position by means of the binder nuts 2. I do not limit myself to this particular construction, as there are other well-known ways of. varying'the stroke by changing the eccentricity of the crank-pin. The important oint is that the crank-pins, when the machine is at work, should be always in exact axial alinement, so that their" joint effeet may be the same as a single crank. Y

Attached to the journals of the crank-pins 2 are the two connecting rods 2, of exactly the same length, and attached by pins 2 to the side rods 5, of which there are two, one rod reciprocating at the front and one at the back of the machine. Side rods 5 reciprocate in bearings 4 which are adjustable along Ways 1 a of bed 1, and by means of anchors 4 and bolts 4 may be clamped in any desired position. I have shown three of these siderod bearing frames, but there may be as few or as manyv as the length of the bedof the machine makes desirable. In Fig. 1 I have 65 shown three dogs 5 whose proper position spline attached to cross-shaft 2*, and whose inner end of main driving spindle 2, and c utch surfaces are adapted to fit'si1nilar clutch surfaces formed on the opposing sidei engage or disengage said clutch faces at any mitting the starting 0; stopping ofcrosson the side-rod 5 may be determined by the clamp-collars 5 thereon, and in Fig. 5 the engagement of these dogs with the ends of the clamp-grinders 6 is clearly indicated. If the screws 5 are. loosened, because of the '70 circularcrosssection.of the siderods 5, it is possible toswing the dogs 5 'out of engagehient with the ends the clamp-grinders 6,

and provided the, binder screws 5 of the cla1np=collars 5" are notdisturbed, the dogs I can. be quickly returned to proper engagement with the ends of the clamp-grinders 6 'wl 1enev erdesired.

'3 indicates the foot-block fitted to-ways 1, andby means of the anchor 3 and binderbolts 3- may be clamped in'any desired posi-' tion along bed 1. 'At 3 is the foot-block spindle which is formed with a flange 3 on 7 its inner end, similar to the flange 2' on the ada ted to carry a chuck 3 that may be precise y similar to the "chuck 2 whenever crank-shafts'or similar pieces are to have eccentric portions ground.

' In Figs. 5 and 6, 6 indicates the lower half and 6 the upper half of the clamp-grinder at 6 are bolts that swivel at 6 1n the lower half, 6 of the clamp-grinder, project through slots 6 in the upper half 6 carry collars or washers 6 .6 spiral springs 6, and suitable nuts 6? for compressing the springs 6 and thus closing the two halves of the clamp- At both ends of cross-shaft 2 I have grind-er together with greater or less force. Screws 6are to deternnne how close the two halves of the clamp-grinder may come to 1 00 gether, and guide-pins 6 which are fast to .the lower half'6, and project into holes or recesses 6 in upper half 6, V revent side or end I movement of the two ha ves of the clampgrinder relative to one another. The side position of the clamping bolt 6 in Fig. -5, shows how readily the clamp-grinder may be taken apart, or the upper half 6' replaced on the lower half 6 without disturbing any of the adjustments. To facilitate the rapid open-' ing and closing of the clamp-grinders, I make use of swiveling bolts that are made smaller in diameter where the collars 6 and 6 slide than in their lower portion, so that a shoulder 6 is formed which prevents the collar 6* from moving down the bolt when the bolt is swiveled over into the side position shown in Fig. 5. By shaping the tops 6 of the sides of the slots 6 in a suitable manner, they may be caused to act like cams to raise the collars 6 away from the shoulders 6 and thus instantly su ply the needed pressure to force the two ha ves of the clamp-grinder together without disturbing the nuts 6*.

The .matrix or lining 6 of the clam'pgrinder may be of any desired material, and may be secured inany known manner: It may be of cork, lignumwitae, a'per, cloth, fiber, or metal. Any material adapted to hold an abrasive substance is contemplated r in this invention. The materialsmost comm'only used are metallic lead, brassan'd lead 'all'o'ys. "Where'the matrix or lining is a metal orv an alloy of low meltin point, it is common to pour the lining arou'n a cylinder of nearly the same diameter as the one to be ground, and in this latter case it is customaryto secure the/lining against movement by dovetail recesses or countersunk holes. Linings longer. than the thickness of the clampgr'inde'r are usuallymetallic and secured to the clamp-grinder by means of screws. The

projections 5 fit snugly against each side of the projections 6 to prevent any longitudinal rocking motlon of the clamp-grinder.

, it should be articularly noticed that while there is free om and play for the clampgrinder in any directionat right-angles to the surfacebei'n'g ground, except as such freedom and play are limited by the surface being ground, there is no longitudinal play contemp'lated between the projections 5 and 6 and also the "rojections 5 and 6. In this way it is possi le to permit the clamp gri-nder to conform to any slight eccentricity or uneveness of the surface ground while preventing crampingor side twisting. For this reason the character of the work done is superior to that usually done by hand, because the clamp-grinder will separate and may be read ily removed from the machine.

, My invention is not'limited to the co nstruction of side rods 5 reciprocated by con-- n st s 2?, an ra P as the clamp-grinders ,may""be reciprocated by otherimechani'sin. "Tot'hisi'end-in Figs. 11, 12 "andl3 I have shown a carriage 7 mounted on ayne, in manner similar to turning lath'e's, andfupontoppositesides of said carriage 'lfmount bearings 4that support the d o 9 wh h are m un e the d s attesting-toss "rttheclampegrinderin manner*previouslysetfaith. I Carriage 7 sshown held upon thelways gibl 7 and screw 7 a (Fig-f rzrin-wellknown manner.

' Carriage? is reciprocated along ways 1 by feed' gearing contained'within an apron 7.,

said gearingcompri sing a hand wheel 7 connected with a pinion 7 rotated,by a Worm wheel'7 meshing with a worm 7 on shaft 7 5 that is .journa'ledupon frame 1; a gear 7 meshes withpi'nion 7 for rotating a gear 7 k that meshes with arack l carried by frame 1.

'loose on shaft 7 required by means of a suitable reversing clutch mechanism, wherein a bevel gear 8 meshes with a bevel gear 8 suitably journaled, which in turn meshes j Shaft 7 is rotated in opposite directions as with a bevel gear 8 on a shaft 8 journaled on frame 1 and carrying a ulley 8 a shifting clutch 8 mounted to s ide upon shaft 7' and provided with asuitable feather or key being adapted to engage clutches 8 and8 on gears 8 and 8 respectively. Clutch member 8 is rotatably connected with the shifting fork 9 carried by a lever 10 pivotally supported upon frame 1, as at 10, and con nected with a shipper rod 11 sup orted in a bearing 11 onapron 7 and in a earing 11 on frame 1, and upon said rod 11 are clamp collars 12 provided with screws whereby they may be adjusted along said rod to engage the bearing 11 of the apron. The

lower end of lever 10 engages a spring pressed pin 13 adapted to hold said lever in positions of adjustment b bearing on opposite sides thereof as said ever is shifted by rod 11. By means of the foregoing mechanism, as

carriage 7 moves in opposite directions the clamp-grinder 6 mounted thereon and upon the work to be ground, suclras a rod or shaft 14, operates upon the work in manner similar to that before described, and as the carriage operates the stop collar, the direction I of travel of the carriage will be reversed, and so on as the carriage reciprocates. The

- cranks 2 and connecting rods 2 for reciprocating the side rods 5 are particularly designed for grinding relatively short work, and where the Work is to be relatively long It find it advantageous to use a reciprocating carriage operated as set forth.

Having now described my invention what I claim is v 1. In a clamp grinding machine, means to hold and rotate the work to be ground, com- 'b-ined'with a clamp-grinder and mechanism to reciprocate the clamp grinder axially along the Work, said clamp grinder being connected with said mechanism to have free and radial motion with respect thereto during reciprocations of the grinder by'said mechanism. 2. In a clamp grinding machine, means to holdand rotate the Work; to be ground, a

clamp grinder-f and mean's toijsu'pport the same to be free from transverse constraint mounted, combined with "mechanism for reciprocating the clamp grinder axially along the work to beground, said clamp grinder being connected with said mechan- ISIII to have free radial motion with respect thereto.

3. A clamp-grinder comprising two opposed members, and clamping bolts provided with springs and nuts, whereby the pressure except from' the' work upon which it is forcing two members of the clam grinder together may be increased or 1-- minished at will, substantially as described.

' clampgrinder together,

4. A clamp-grinder comprising two opposed members, ,clamping bolts secured by cylindrical pins, around which they may turn to one member of the clamp-grinder and passing through open slots at the ends of the other member of the clamp-grinder, and pro-- passing through open slots in the ends of the other member of the clamp-grinder, having shoulders 6 washers 6 and 6 spiral springs 6 and nuts 6 whereby the pressure forcing the two members of the clampgrinder together may be increased or decreased at will, and the spiral springs are prevented from slipping down said bolts,

substantially as described.

6. A clamp-grinder comprising two opposed members, clamping bolts swiveling around pins in one member of the clampgrinder, through open slots in the ends of the other member of said clamp-grinder, said open slots having the upper surfaces of their sides formed like a cam, shoulders on said bolts, washers 6 and 6 spiral springs 6 and nuts 6*, whereby the pressure forcing the two members of the clamp-grinder together 1 may be regulated at n ill, and the two clamping bolts may be pushed off or on the upper part of the clamp-grinder, substantially as describedi 7. A clamp grinder compr'sing two opposed members, and clamping olts provided with springs andnuts, whereby the pressure forcing the two members of the clamp-grinder together may be-increascd or diminished at will, incombination with the guide pins 6 8. A clamp grinder comprising two op posed members, clamping bolts secured by cylindrical pins around which they may turn to one member of the clamp grinder and passing through open slots at the ends of the other member of the clamp-grinder, and provided with nuts whereby the tightening of the nuts will force the two members of the clampgrinder together, and but a slight slacking off of the nuts will permit the swiveling of the clamping bolt through said slots, and the clamp-grinder may be separated into. two parts, in combination with the guide pins 6*.

,9. A clamp grinder comprising two opposed members, clamping bolts secured by passing be separatedinto' sides l'ormed like a cam,

pins to one member of the clamp-grinder,

other member of the clamp-grinder, having shoulders 6, washers 6 and 6 spiral springs 6 and nuts 6 ,'whereby the pressure'iorcing the two membersQoi the clamp-grinder tothrough open slots in the'ends of the gether may be increased or decreased at will,

and the spiral springs are prevented from slipping down said bolts, in combination with the guide pins 6".

10.- A clamp-grinder com posed members, clamping around pins in one member of the clampgrinder, through open slots in the ends of the other member of said clamp-grinder, said open slots having the upper surfaces of their shoulders on said bolts, washers 6 and 6 spiral springs 6 and nuts 6*, whereby the pressure forcing the two members of the clamp-grinder together may be regulated at will, and the two clamping bolts may be pushed off or on the upper part 01' the clamp-grinder, in combination with the guide ins 6 11. A camp-grinder comprising two opposed members, and clamping bolts provided with springs and nuts whereby the pressure forcing the two members of the clamp-grinder together may be increased or diminished at will, and stops to limit the approach of said members. a

12.. In a clamp-grinding machine, a clamp grinder, side rods, dogs on said rods adapted to engage projections on the'clamp grinder, and mechanism for reciprocating said siderods, in combination with means for holding and rotating the work to be ground the clampgrinder, substantially as described.

13. In a clamp-grinding machine, a clamp grinder, side rods, dogs on said rods adapted to engage projections on the clamp-grinder clamp-collars on said rods to locate the dogs, and mechanism for reciprocating said siderods, in combination with means for holding and rotating the work to be ground within the clamp-grinder, substantially as described.

14. The combination of a head-stock and a foot-block provided with s indles, means for driving said spindles in tie same direction and at the same speed, means for securing a crank-shalt to said spindles, longitudinally reciprocating clamp-grinder supports located between said -head-stock and foot-block, and

rising two opa clamp-grinder carried by said support, substantially as described.

15. The combination of means to hold and rotate the work to be ground, a clamp grinder, and means to move the same along the work, the clamp grinder being loosely connected with said means to have move- 'I'nent independent thereof transverse to the direction of movement of said means.

' 16. In a clamp grinding machine, the comwithin olts swiveling bination of a clamp grinder, devices inde- I New York and State of New York this 24th pendent 01g bult adaptedd to engage projgcday of June A. D. 1907. tions on t e 0 am "rm er, mee amsm or i reciprocating said diavices, and means for JOHN BOGERT' 5 holding and rotating the Work t0 be ground Witnesses:

within the clamp grinder. T. F. BOURNE,

Signed at New York city, in the county of MARIE F. WAINRIGHT. 

